Gravitational lensing for Simple Black Holes with Anisotropic Fluid
Jonibek Khasanov
1,*
,
Mirjavoxir Mirkhaydarov
2
1 Institute of Fundamental and Applied Research, National Research University TIIAME , Kori Niyoziy 39, Tashkent 100000, Uzbekistan
2 National University of Uzbekistan , Tashkent 100174, Uzbekistan
Abstract
This paper explores gravitational lensing and photon dynamics around black holes surrounded by anisotropic fluids, described by a spacetime metric incorporating mass M and an anisotropy parameter K. We analyze the horizon structure for three distinct cases of the equation-of-state parameter ω\(_2\) (dust, radiation, and dark energy-like), revealing how each modifies the black hole geometry. Using the Hamilton-Jacobi formalism, we derive equations of motion for photons in the presence of plasma, examining photon spheres and shadow formation. Our study includes weak gravitational lensing effects for both uniform and non-uniform plasma distributions, demonstrating how plasma frequency and spacetime parameters influence light deflection. Numerical results illustrate the dependence of deflection angles on the impact parameter and anisotropic fluid properties. The findings highlight the role of anisotropic matter in altering observable phenomena such as shadows and lensing patterns, providing insights into testing strong-field gravity with future astrophysical observations.
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Cite this article
Khasanov, J. and Mirkhaydarov, M., Gravitational lensing for Simple Black Holes with Anisotropic Fluid, Turanian J. Vol. 1, No. 1 (010105), 2025.