The second issue of Volume 2 of the Turanian Journal brings together five studies focused on black-hole physics, relativistic astrophysical processes, neutrino oscillations, and nonlinear optical materials. Several works investigate rotating and regular black-hole spacetimes, including electromagnetic field structures around Kerr black holes, relativistic iron-56 Kα spectral line profiles from Kerr accretion disks, gravitational lensing and flavor oscillations of neutrinos in Yukawa black hole spacetime, and the electric Penrose process around a regular Ayón-Beato-García black hole. The issue also features an experimental study of saturable absorption in thin films containing Ag₂S and Ag₂Se quantum dots using femtosecond laser pulses, with potential applications for laser mode-locking. Together, these contributions highlight theoretical, numerical, and experimental approaches to contemporary problems in gravitational physics, high-energy astrophysics, and photonic materials.

The first issue of Volume 2 of the Turanian Journal brings together six studies spanning black-hole physics, numerical modeling, geodetic analysis, and laser-produced plasma dynamics. Several works investigate test-particle motion and quasi-periodic oscillations in modified and regular black-hole spacetimes, including Kiselev black holes in f(R,T) gravity constrained with M82 X–1 QPO observations, the Einstein–Bronnikov black hole, and phantom RN–AdS black holes with non-commutative corrections. The issue also features a numerical study of Gaussian pulse evolution in time-fractional diffusion using an L1-implicit scheme, a precise positioning and atmospheric assessment of the KITG GNSS station for February 2026, and an experimental investigation of laser-induced plasma plumes produced from gold, silver, and aluminum under nanosecond laser ablation. Together, these contributions highlight theoretical, numerical, observational, and experimental approaches to contemporary problems in physics and applied science.

The fourth issue of the Turanian Journal presents a collection of studies focused on particle dynamics, accretion processes, and observational signatures of black holes in modified gravitational and matter-field environments, alongside an experimental contribution in nonlinear optics. Several works investigate test particle motion and orbital stability around black holes influenced by deformation parameters, anisotropic matter fields, dark matter halos, external magnetic fields, and string-inspired Kalb–Ramond backgrounds. Topics include thermal radiation from thin accretion disks in deformed Kerr spacetimes, quasi-periodic oscillations in dark-matter-surrounded black holes, magnetized particle dynamics in charged and rotating black hole geometries, and energy extraction mechanisms such as the electric Penrose process in Einstein–Born–Infeld gravity. The issue also features an experimental study on the nonlinear optical response of metal oxide and metal sulfide thin films under femtosecond laser irradiation. Together, these contributions highlight the interplay between strong-field gravity, high-energy astrophysical processes, and laboratory-scale optical phenomena.

The third issue of the Turanian Journal covers a wide range of studies — from the establishment of the Institute of Theoretical Physics in Central Asia and the investigation of particle orbits around the ModMax black hole to the analysis of neutrino lensing effects in modified gravity. The issue also features works on symmetries in Bianchi-type cosmological models, assessments of climatic variability in Tashkent using ERA5 reanalysis data, and the dynamics of electronic states under laser fields.